Catcher In The Rye And The Kite Runner First Person Narrative

First person narrative expresses a point of view giving the greatest sense of identity of the character. People are all different. Different colours, religions, different morals and beliefs, and maybe most important different perspectives on the world. In both The Catcher in the Rye in The Kite Runner the male protagonist tells the course of events from their perspective, and their role as narrator has a significant impact on the novels In both The Catcher in the Rye, and The Kite Runner, first person narration played a critical role in helping the reader know and understand the main characters, Holden Caulfield Amir. From this perspective the reader gets to encounter the innermost thoughts on Holden Amir’s perspective on life and†¦show more content†¦Amir grew up with a sense of entitlement, and a loyal servant/friend in Hassan. After Hassan’s rape, Amir is stricken with grief and tries to console himself by saying that he is better than Hassan because Hass an is a Hazara and has a cleft lip. It’s here where the disgusting mindset of Amir, a perspective that only the reader has the opportunity to understand. â€Å"Hassan knew. He knew I d seen everything in that alley, that I d stood there and done nothing. He knew I had betrayed him and yet he was rescuing me once again, maybe for the last time.† (Kite 9.29) This quote perfectly encapsulates Amir’s feelings of extreme grief for what he did to Hassan. This is a recurring theme within the book, the reader sees the anxiety that Amir feels for betraying Hassan in the alley that day, and from that day he does his best to repent for his unatoned sins. Another importance of first person narrative within The Catcher in the Rye and The Kite Runner is it allows the reader to empathize with the characters of the novels. In both novels the narrator/main character is not the most likeable. Holden Caulfield is a very cynical and jaded narrator, and finds the hypocrisy and ugliness of the world around him almost unbearable, through his cynicism he tries to protect himself from the pain and disappointment of the adult world. Amir is a complex character like all protagonist narrator s are. He isn’t all bad, but he has a crippled conscious, and makes veryShow MoreRelatedLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pagespublication of Wilhelm Meister s Apprenticeship by Johann Wolfgang Goethe in 1795–96,[8] or, sometimes, to Christoph Martin Wieland s Geschichte des Agathon of 1767.[9] Although the Bildungsroman arose in Germany, it has had extensive influence first in Europe and later throughout the world. Thomas Carlyle translated Goethe’s novel into English, and after its publication in 1824, many British authors wrote novels inspired by it.[10][11] In the 20th century, it spread to Germany, Britain,[12] France

Comparison of Wedding of India and China Free Essays

The approach of these paper work is to know and compare the two country’s tradition when it comes to wedding. Talking about wedding, we all know that it is the important aspect when two people want to enter the life of having a family. According to Webster, wedding is the ceremony of marriage with its accompanying festive. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of Wedding of India and China or any similar topic only for you Order Now And as I go on with these paper work, we will all know the different traditions in wedding of the two countries and its histories. To formally start this topic, we must first know the two country’s wedding history. In India, history of Indian Wedding says that early societies for social as well as political reasons had to have secure means for the perpetuation of the species and an institution to handle the granting of property rights and marriage was the institution for fulfilling that need. History of Indian Wedding says that early societies for social as well as political reasons had to have secure means for the perpetuation of the species and an institution to handle the granting of property rights and marriage was the institution for fulfilling that need. In Indian culture arranged marriages have a history since fourth century. The culture of arranged marriages has still survived modernization and industrialization in India. Ancient times, the marriages took place while the couple was very young. In fact, the boy`s parents searched for a matching alliance for him in his preadolescent age and then approached the girl`s family with the proposition. There used to be a middleman to look for alliance and propose it to each family about the match. He even acted as a negotiator, also would suggest a suitable date and hour for the marriage to take place after matching the bride and the groom`s birth charts, he further also would facilitate in decision of the venue suitable for each families. In Indian Weddings the bride`s family was the host for the function. In China the process began with an elaborate marriage proposal and acceptance. This process was placed in the hands of a go-between, who acted as a buffer between the two parties – a role similar to that of a real estate agent today. The important parties in proposal and betrothal negotiations were the parents of the prospective bride and groom, rather than the bride and groom themselves. â€Å"Marriage was for continuing the ancestral line and creating alliances between families –; too important a duty to be left in the rash hands of the young,† Costa explains. † When the boy’s parents identified a likely bride-to-be, they would send the go-between to present gifts to the girl’s parents and to sound out their feelings about the match. If the proposal was well-received, the go-between would obtain the date and hour of the girl’s birth recorded on a formal document. The groom’s family would place this document on the ancestral altar for three days. If no inauspicious omens, e. g. quarrels between the parents or a loss of property, took place within that time, the parents would give the information to a astrological expert to confirm that the young woman and their son would make a good match. If the boy’s family found the horoscope to be favourable, they gave the boy’s birth date and hour to the go-between to bring to the girl’s family, who would go through the same process. Only after both outcomes were favourable, would the two families arrange to meet. Finally face-to-face, each family evaluated the other in terms of appearance, education, character, and social position. If both were satisfied they would proceed to the betrothal. Since these is a paper work having a comparison of the two countries wedding tradition it must have the dresses they wear, the accessories the have, the meaning if averything they do and the astrological meanings which I’ve learned that are all important to the people of the two countries. Let’s start with their clothing or dresses they wear. In Chinese Red is central to the wedding theme of China. It signifies love, joy and prosperity and is used in a variety of ways in Chinese wedding traditions. The bride’s wedding gown is often red, as are the wedding invitations, and wedding gift boxes or envelopes for cash gifts. Even the bride and groom’s homes are decorated in red on the wedding day while in India, Indian brides wear pink and red saris on their wedding day, adorning themselves extravagantly with as much jewelry as possible. In these two countries it is important to know their astrology, if they are compatible to each other. Because they believe that having the compatible horoscope means they will be having abundant life ahead. According to the encyclopaedia titled Americana, the Hindu marriage rite opens with prayers by a Hindu priest. The priest pins one end of concentrated linen to the bride and groom’s clothing while the other side is on the bricks as a symbol of unity. The couple then walk around the sacred area. After the seventh time, the sealing of contract is done. The Ceremony may last as long as two hours. At the end a whole coconut is broken as the priest blesses the couple. hile in China, few religious ceremonies are today in either Communist or Nationalist China. Marriages often take place in public hall. The rite is simply an announcement with a couple’s marriage by their presence before at least two witnesses. The marriage is then recorded with the state authorities. In Indian culture arranged marriages have a history since fourth century. The culture of arranged marriages h as still survived modernization and industrialization in India. Ancient times, the marriages took place while the couple was very young. In fact, the boy`s parents searched for a matching alliance for him in his preadolescent age and then approached the girl`s family with the proposition. There used to be a middleman to look for alliance and propose it to each family about the match. He even acted as a negotiator, also would suggest a suitable date and hour for the marriage to take place after matching the bride and the groom`s birth charts, he further also would facilitate in decision of the venue suitable for each families. In Indian Weddings the bride`s family was the host for the function. While in Chinese systemization of apparently pre-existing elements of traditional Chinese wedding ceremony is generally credited to scholars of the Warring States period , 402-221 B. C. Three venerable texts, The Book of Rites, The Book of Etiquette and Ceremonial, and the Baihu Tong outline the Three Covenants and the Six Rites, that were considered necessary elements of a marriage. However, the full ritual was so complicated that even within the span of the Warring States period, the etiquette underwent changes and simplification. What remained constant were the chief objectives: joining and enhancing the two families and ensuring succession with numerous descendants. Reverence to parents and ancestors, omens to encourage fertility and wealth, financial and social obligations contracted by both families at the betrothal, extensive gift giving etiquette, and the bride’s incorporation into her husband’s family are recurring elements. Since these are the most essential thing in their wedding traditions, it is still being practiced by them. I have learned that they have some comparison though Indians are Hindus and Chinese are Buddhists, for example with their astrological means. But I can say that the Indians has more preparations than Chinese and also, China’s marriage are more simple than with the Indian people. The Chinese practices the monogamy marriage while the Indian practices the polygamy. But what’s important with the two countries is to have their wedding done and to have it in blessed way by the priest and under their GODs according to their religion. Reference http://www.indianetzone.com/2/history_indian_wedding.htm How to cite Comparison of Wedding of India and China, Essay examples

Macbeth Lady Macbeth a woman before her time Essay Example For Students

Macbeth Lady Macbeth: a woman before her time Essay During the Elizabethan era, the great chain of being reigned. Women were low on this chain of power, and men were on top. In fact, women were below horses; you couldnt live without a good horse, but, you could live without a wife. Lady Macbeth was a woman before her time, she was caught between being todays ambitious, powerful modern woman and a fragile creature of the Elizabethan era. In the first four acts of Macbeth, Lady Macbeth is vicious, overly ambitious, without conscience, and willing to do whatever it takes to get what she wants. In this case, she wants to become Queen of Scotland. Whiles I stood rapt in the/ wonder of it, came missives from the king, who all-/ hailed me, Thane of Cawdor; by which title, before,/ these weird sisters saluted me, and referred me to the/ coming on of time, with Hail, King that shalt be!/ This have I thought good to deliver thee, my dearest/ partner of greatness; that thou mightest not lose the/ dues of rejoicing, by being ignorant of what grea tness/ is promised thee. (I v, 5-13). Because Lady Macbeth is a woman, she does not have the strength in her female frame, either in heart, body nor mind to carry out the deed of killing the King. Therefore, she calls upon the aid of the supernatural to give her male powers, so that she may have the gall to go through with the plan to murder the King, and allow Macbeth to obtain the throne. The raven himself is hoarse/ That croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan/ Under my battlements. Come, you spirits/ That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here,/ And fill me, from the crown to the toe, top-full/ Of direst cruelty! Make thick my blood,/ Stop up the access and passage to remorse,/ That no compunctious visitings of nature/ Shake my fell purpose, nor keep peace between/ The effect and it! Come to my womans breasts,/ And take my milk for gall, you murdering ministers,/ Wherever in your sightless substances/ You wait on naturess mischief! Come thick night,/ and pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell,/ That my keen knife see not the wound it makes,/ Nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark,/ To cry Hold, hold! (I v, 41-57)Man: a human male, or human kind. Women have always been considered as the gentler and fair sex. Lady Macbeth feels that to commit this crime, she must become as cruel as she believes men are. She calls for the spirits to unsex her, so she may act as a man would (The Rise and Fall of Lady Macbeth). The killing of Duncan was enough for Lady Macbeth, she saw it as a necessary action in order to obtain the throne (might over right). Macbeth continued on a killing rampage, irradicating all perceivable enemies. Suddenly, Lady Macbeth begins to have pangs of guilt, such as in the famous scene where she attempts to wash her hands of blood. She begins to have frequent bouts of sleeptalking and sleepwalking, where the terror of her conscience expresses itself. (SparkNotes, list of characters: Lady Macbeth). Her control over Macbeth has waned, and over herself, her control is dwindling as each second passes. The fire she once had, which drove Macbeth forward is now no more than a minute spark. She is beginning to lose that controlling stiffness. She asks Macbeth, whats to be done (III ii, 44), which is a drastic change in control. (Lady Macbeth- Character Changes Throughout the Play). .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 , .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 .postImageUrl , .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 , .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361:hover , .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361:visited , .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361:active { border:0!important; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361:active , .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361 .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u676888cfd0bb3acd3a8a8e7e23eb6361:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Colorado River EssayLady Macbeths seemingly male actions are replaced at this point in the play and she is wrought by guilt. She suffers from a mental and emotional breakdown as a result of this guilt. She is emotionally exhausted and becomes the typical fragile flower. We first see this side of her when she states that she cannot kill Duncan because had he not resembled/ My father as he slept, I had donet (II ii, 16-7). After Duncans murder, the roles of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are reversed, previously, she was the main motivator in the plan to overthrow the kingdom. Following Duncans death, she breaks

The First Reactor Essays - Nuclear Technology, University Of Chicago

The First Reactor The First Reactor The First Reactor chronicles the conception and implementation of the first self-sustaining nuclear pile. The booklet has three main sections to it. The first one tells of the history and background of the organizations and research that were used for the momentous experiment, as well as the actual proceedings that occurred on December 2, 1942. The second section is basically a brief synopsis of the first. The third section documents part of Enrico Fermi's life and the secrecy surrounding his work, from his wife's perspective. Years of research went into the culmination of the first self-sustaining nuclear reaction. Different preliminary experiments were done by many scientists to discover the properties and intricacies of neutron production and interaction. All leading up to the fateful day under the west stands of Stagg Field when the first successful self-sustaining reaction occurred, or as they cleverly say in the booklet, ?The Italian navigator has landed in the New World.' The secrets of the nuclear projects were closely guarded. So close in fact, that not even Enrico's own wife was allowed to know. In the section written by her, telling of her bewilderment, we get a sense of how strongly the classified information was kept from the people who didn't need to know. Science

Complete List of High School Electives

Complete List of High School Electives SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you thinking about high school electives and wondering what your options are? Unlike required courses, electives are classes you choose based on your interests. Most high schools offer electives that cover a wide variety of topics, so you're sure to find some that interest you! This list was created by compiling the elective options from numerous high schools across the country. A variety of schools were used including public, private, large and small schools in order to create a complete list of high school electives. How to Use This List This list is intended to give you an introduction to all the possible electives you may come across as a high school student. You can use it as a starting point for doing more in-depth research of your own school's electives. Read through the list below, making note of any course names that seem particularly interesting. Then, grab a copy of your school's course catalog (ask your guidance counselor if you don't know where to find it), and look to see which of the electives you found interesting are offered by your school. Read through the course descriptions if necessary because electives can have different names depending on the school offering them, even if they cover essentially the same topic (for example, the culinary arts class listed below could also be called cooking, foods, or something similar). Mark the interesting electives you find in your course catalog as potential classes to take in the future. Also, because this list organizes electives by category, you can see which categories have the most interesting electives for you. While electives don’t include all topics covered in a specific field, if you marked, for example, a lot of the science electives as potentially interesting topics to study, you may want to think about continuing to study science in college. Being interested in your classes is one of the best way to get higher grades and enjoy what you’re learning. Now that you have the complete list, are you wondering how to choose which electives to take? We have a guide for that! Read through it to learn how many electives you'll be able to take and how to choose electives that are both interesting and will strengthen your college applications! What If Your School Doesn't Offer an Elective Listed Below? It would be impossible for any single school to offer every elective on this list; there are simply too many. Schools choose which electives to offer based on a number of factors including location, student population, resources available, teacher expertise, and student interest. If you are interested in one of the electives on this list but don't see it offered in your school's course catalog, you can take the following actions: Talk to your guidance counselor or department head. The elective may be under a different name than the one listed below, or your school may offer a similar course. If there is no comparable course and you are really interested in the subject, talk to your guidance counselor and see if it’s possible for you to do an independent study or take the course at a local community college. The Complete List of Electives Business Accounting Business law Business management Consumer education Entrepreneurial skills Introduction to business Marketing Personal finance Computer Science/Information Technology Animation App development Audio production Computer programming Computer repair Film production Graphic design Media technology Music production Typing Video game development Web design Web programming Word processing Family and Consumer Science Chemistry of foods CPR training Culinary arts Early childhood development Early childhood education Family studies Fashion and retail merchandising Fashion construction Home economics Interior design Nutrition Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Foreign Language American Sign Language Ancient Greek Arabic Chinese French German Hebrew Italian Japanese Korean Latin Portuguese Russian Spanish You might even learn all the Dutch names of the Chinese zodiac signs! Language and Writing Advanced composition African literature Asian literature British literature Cinema studies Contemporary literature Creative writing Debate Film study Gothic literature Humanities Journalism Poetry Popular literature Practical writing Public speaking Rhetoric School yearbook Works of Shakespeare World literature Math Computer math Math applications Probability and statistics Quantitative literacy Trigonometry Performing Arts Choir Concert band Dance Drama Guitar Jazz band Marching band Music theory Orchestra Percussion Piano Theater technology World music Physical Education Aerobics Dance Gymnastics Health Lifeguard training Pilates Racquet sports Specialized sports Swimming Weight training Yoga Science Agriculture Astronomy Biotechnology Botany Earth science Environmental science Forensic science Geology Human physiology Marine biology Meteorology Oceanography Physics Sound and acoustics Zoology Social Studies African studies Asian studies Civics Cultural anthropology Current events Economics European history Human geography International relations Latin American studies Middle East studies Mythology Philosophy Physical anthropology Political studies Psychology Religious studies Sociology US government Women’s studies World politics World religions Visual Arts 3-D art Art history Ceramics Digital media Drawing Film production Jewelry design Painting Photography Printmaking Sculpture Vocational Education Auto body repair Auto mechanics Building construction Computer-aided drafting Cosmetology Criminal justice Driver Education Electronics FFA (Future Farmers of America) Fire science Heating and cooling systems Hospitality and tourism JROTC (Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps) Metalworking Networking Plumbing Production technology Refrigeration fundamentals Robotics Woodworking What's Next? Now that you know the options you have for electives, read our guide to learn how to choose electives that will interest you and strengthen your college applications. Trying to decide whether to take the ACT or the SAT? Read our guide to figure out which test will get you a better score! Are you considering summer academic programs for middle school and high school students? Take a look at our guides for the TIP, SIG, CTY, and Stanford EPGY programs. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

American Black Bear Facts

American Black Bear Facts The American black bear (Ursus americanus) is a large omnivore that inhabits the forests, swamps, and tundra throughout the more northerly reaches of North America. In some areas such as the Pacific Northwest, it commonly lives at the edges of towns and suburbs where it has been known to break into storage buildings or cars in search of food. Fast Facts: American Black Bear Scientific Name: Ursus americanusCommon Name: American black bearBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 4.25–6.25 feet longWeight: 120–660 poundsLifespan: 10–30 yearsDiet: OmnivoreHabitat: Forested areas in Alaska, Canada, the United States, MexicoPopulation: 600,000Conservation Status:  Least Concern Description Black bears vary considerably in color throughout their range. In the east, bears are usually black with a brown snout. But in the west, their color is more variable and can be black, brown, cinnamon, or even a light buff color. Along the coast of British Columbia and Alaska, there are two color morphs of black bears that are distinct enough to earn them nicknames: the whitish Kermode bear or spirit bear and the blue-gray glacier bear. Although some black bears may be colored like brown bears, the two species can be distinguished by the fact that the smaller black bears lack the dorsal hump characteristic of the larger brown bears. Black bears also have larger ears that stand more erect than brown bears. Black bears have powerful limbs and are equipped with short claws that enable them to break apart logs, climb trees, and collect grubs and worms. They also claw apart beehives and feed on the honey and bee larvae they contain. Habitat and Range The American black bear lives in forested areas throughout North America, from Canada to Mexico and in at least 40 states in the U.S. They used to live in almost all forested areas of North American, but now they are restricted to areas that are less densely populated by  humans. In Canada, the American black bear still lives in most of its historic range, other than the central plains. These bears also once inhabited the mountainous regions of northern Mexico, but their numbers have dwindled in this region. Black bears are one of three bear species that live in North America; the other two are the brown bear and the polar bear. Of these bear species, black bears are the smallest and most timid. When encountered by humans, black bears often flee rather than attack. Diet Black bears are omnivores. Their diet includes grasses, berries, nuts, fruit, seeds, insects, small vertebrates, and carrion. In northern regions, they eat spawning salmon. American black bears will also occasionally kill young deer or moose calves. In the colder parts of their range, black bears seek refuge in their den for the winter where they enter a winter sleep. Their dormancy is not true hibernation, but during their winter sleep, they refrain from eating, drinking, or excreting waste for as long as seven months. During this time, their metabolism slows and heart rate falls. Reproduction and Offspring Black bears reproduce sexually. They reach reproductive maturity at 3 years of age. Their breeding season occurs in spring but the embryo does not implant in the mothers womb until late fall. Two or three cubs are born in January or February. The cubs are very small and spend the next several months nursing in the safety of the den. Cubs emerge from the den with their mother in spring. They remain under the care of their mother until they are about 1 ½ years old at which time they disperse to seek out their own territory. Conservation Status The IUCN classifies the American Black Bears conservation status as least concern.  And, the black bear is the most common bear in North America. However, all large mammals who eat meat- big cats, wolves, and bears- face threats stemming from the loss of prey and habitat. This includes black bears, though they are less affected because 95 percent of their diet is plant-based. American Black Bears and Humans American black bears across North America are also facing a decline in forest areas where they once lived due to the rapid expansion of urban areas. Indeed, most of the challenges black bears face in North America come from humans. American black bears are intelligent and learn quickly where they can find garbage left by people as well as where human food is easily accessible. This makes for the perfect conditions for human-bear conflict, according to the Wildlife Conservation Society. The problem is particularly pronounced in backcountry areas where humans hike and camp as well as populated forest areas, leading to dangerous conditions for black bears and humans alike. Sources â€Å"Black Bears.†Ã‚  WCS.org.â€Å"Basic Facts About Black Bears.†Ã‚  Defenders of Wildlife, 10 Jan. 2019.â€Å"Carnivore Collapse.†Ã‚  Defenders of Wildlife, 10 Jan. 2019.

Apple's Entry into the Mobile Phone Market Essay

Apple's Entry into the Mobile Phone Market - Essay Example The Apple phone was launched on the 29th of June, 2007 by Apple Inc and a higher version of the same model made its way into the hearts and minds of the consumers during July, 2008 amid widespread media coverage the world over. In 2007, it sold between 500,000 and 1 million phones within two days of its launch. (Srinivas, 2008) In terms of the model that has been used for the Apple phone for the development of a relevant marketing plan and strategy, we will study the International Market Entry Mode Strategy that this company has used. This strategy is ideal for those companies that wish to diversify geographically. (Walter et al, 1988) This strategy along with others that have to do with market segmentation and brand positioning for maximum customer satisfaction will be used in order to evolve a strategy that is best suited for the purpose of an entry level product in a market as diverse as that of the global market. (Srinivas, 2008) The first element when entering a new market is the risk factor. For the Apple phone there has been a strategic management of risk through a change of location as well as the launch of personalised and online services. There, is a need to now focus on changing passive international sales into hardcore business. It is important to capitalise on the opportunities by undertaking risks so as to achieve organisational growth. Therefore, once the entry level mode is applied to this situation, there will be a concerted effort towards arriving at decisions that have to do with control, risk and commitment as demonstrated in the diagram below: To deal with the risk factor at an entry level, this diagram shows that the commitment level was set high so as to start by catering to consumer satisfaction. With effective segmentation, it will be easy to find out the areas of investment so as to find an appropriate positioning on the scale where exports start. (Walter et al, 1988) Therefore, a good entry level

Assignment 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Assignment 5 - Essay Example From the studies some teachers in the district schools felt the need to reconsider some of the stages and thus this was looked at by the curriculum committee (Wiles & Bondi, 2004). With regards to the studies the goals of designing a curriculum for a school are many. School experience is expected to be able to foster socially and healthy responsible behaviours among all students as they gear up to become adults. A school system is required to prepare the students for future work, how to be good citizens and also how to cope up with their daily lives. This clearly shows that designing and developing a curriculum in school is a significance aspect in a students learning experience. Therefore, there is a lot that is expected from a curriculum. From the study, schools are supposed to have some considerations like medical, safety, economic, custodial that should be related to a curriculum (Wiles & Bondi, 2004). Based on the study one of the major constraint that leads to lack of attainment of the curriculum goals is the factor of having less time in designing a curriculum. Lack of sufficient time for designing and instructing of a curriculum is very crucial for district schools and any other learning institution. Based on the present situation regarding education, curriculum has been known to serve more goals with only a few having to be eliminated. Acknowledgement of this issue leads to a lot of conflict based on some of the goals. It is clearly seen that some goals in a curriculum ought to be given up if others need to be met. A danger always arises when the members of a committee have to come up with delineation of some of the goals. With regards to the study a conflict came up among the teachers when the curriculum committee had to delineate some of the goals(Wiles & Bondi, 2004). The main structural feature that should be maintained in designing a

The debate of hunting Essay Example for Free

The debate of hunting Essay Even though hunting should not be a sport, hunting helps maintain a healthy herd and promotes land, wildlife conservation. Because without hunting herds will over populate and become sick from starvation or spread disease. Hunters are a major supporter and play a big part in wildlife management. People for many years have debated about, hunting as a sport, or if it is only a means of people shooting at living targets. There can be many that say hunting is a part of American culture, how it benefits animal wildlife and also land conservation. Others say it is just a form of cruelty to animals and there are no benefits in hunting. â€Å"Encouragement of a proper hunting spirit, a proper love of sport, instead of being incompatible with the love of nature and wild things, offering the best guaranty for the preservation of wild things† (Theodore Roosevelt U. S. President). How hunting is cruel and that hunting has no place in the 21st century and is becoming evident by hunters waste and destruction of wildlife. In the past people used hunting as a means of supplying hunters and their families with food. Today animal activist say that hunting is not necessary and has no place in today’s society. â€Å"Hunting is not a sport, in a sport; both sides should know they’re in the game (Paul Rodriguez). In the last hundred years the United States has been going through a transformation out of the necessity to providing food and safety through recreational activity. There was a time when a majority of people lived in rural areas. Since then, the majority live in urban areas and this meant a change in people’s lifestyle. The change in people’s lifestyle brought the need to form organizations to protect animal rights. With this change many new animal rights organizations were formed such as People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and others to join in protecting wildlife from hunters. Animal activist argue that hunting: â€Å"In all cases, sport hunting inflicts undeniable cruelty- pain, trauma, wounding, and death- on living, sentient creatures. Most civilized and caring people will believe that causing suffering and death is by definition inhumane, regardless of method† (Miller, 2009). Some hunting is for the purpose of who can obtain the biggest trophy. In the 1950s’ an organization named the Humane Society of the United States organized to help in the protection of cruelty to wildlife animals. Therefore, in the 70s’ a group of students from Oxford decided to argue: â€Å"whether the moral status of nonhuman animals was necessarily inferior to that of human beings and whether animals should be entitled to their own basic rights and protection by law† (Laney, 2008 ). Then in the 80s’ many film productions, news articles, books were portraying that all hunters came from low class and uneducated people. Hunters today began to see themselves being portrayed as nothing more than a bunch of rednecks running through the woods with guns and wearing plaid, killing helpless animals. The NRA [National Rifle Association] caps and says in a 2004 New York Times article by a woman who stated â€Å"let’s go out and kill some defenseless animals† (Laney, 2008). Animal activist say that trophy hunting by Americans are responsible for killing tens of thousands of wild animals in other countries. In fact in 1997 the Smithsonian Institution’s received a donation of $20 million from a big game hunter named Kenneth Behring to solicit a permit, to allow the remains of two endangered sheep be allowed to be brought back to the United States under the (ESA) Endangered Species Act to aid in the research, and helping their survival. After they received bad publicity the Institute decided to avoid obtaining the permit. All though many are surprised to find that the facts on how hunting and outdoors sportsmen promote land and wildlife conservation. Hunting for many families has been a way to grow with the outdoors and bond with nature. In the Western societies like the United States and Britain, there is the argument of morals, this makes hunting a focal point for protracted and political debate. An organization named People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) also believe that hunters are insensitive and arrogant for participating in hunting described as â€Å"recreational† or â€Å"sporting†. â€Å" Yet many hunters themselves impose entirely different meanings on the hunt, and some, such as the naturalist Paul Shepard, even assign it spiritual significance, construing it as an activity that expresses a deep and profound reverence toward nature andliving things† (MacHalek, 2002). For many hunters of all ages, believe that hunting is a way of relaxation and an educating experience for all to enjoy. Many hunters think that â€Å"Education is lacking when an assumption is made stating hunting is only recreational and leaves damage without good† (Reed, 2008). Hunting is a human activity that in its â€Å"significance by a deceptively simple feature: the evasiveness or resistance exhibited routinely by prey. Because of the behavioral challenges that it presents, hunting has had far-reaching consequences for key aspects of human social, psychological, and cultural life† (MacHalek, 2010). Hunters have for years voiced their opinions to the public on the benefits of hunting. Hunters believe if hunting is banned, herds will over populate and there will be more animals dying of starvation, disease and more people could become involved in an accident with wildlife because of over population. Over population can lead to destruction of crops, the spread of disease, and more people acquiring injures or death in automobile accidents. Here is a picture of what happens when deer wonder out into traffic in search of food or water because there ecosystem can no longer sustain the overcrowding. For every deer that leaves an ecosystem there are two more to take its place. When food is plentiful deer will stay in one square mile. Deer prefer to stay near to where they were born and raised, in the area they know best. When deer refuse to leave their ecosystem or move to another range that has plenty of food, this leads to starvation of animals. Hunting has its educational benefit to the hunter by learning and watching and keeping track of wildlife breeding and migration patterns. â€Å"Therefore, the hunter will not only benefit by his knowledge within his hunt but also an understanding of what animals to harvest when hunting. Sick or deformed animals often give the hunter a sense of sympathy when hunting† (Reed, 2008). By understanding that these animals will probably not take long to die, they could spread the disease to other animals. Hunters help to keep track of where these animals travel and how many are sick. Hunters report these animals to the wildlife society to preserve the rest of the other herds. By addressing this problem at early stages hunters can help produce a healthier environment and aid in breeding a healthier and stronger wildlife. This will make wildlife less prone to starvation and disease. Hunting does not only benefit the hunter but it also benefits wildlife management, hunting is a good tool in wildlife management. President, Roosevelt was responsible for forming programs focused on helping to bring wildlife game back to a healthy level. Hunters benefit the economy in the way that, â€Å"Everyone benefits from the excise taxes that hunters voluntary pay on guns, ammunition and outdoors equipment. Since 1937, hunters have contributed over 4 billion dollars through the Pittman-Robertson Act for the benefit of all wildlife species† (NRA-ILA, 2004). This money is being used to buy up millions of land owned by the public in an effort to sustain wildlife in these areas. Through many other organizations that support wildlife management they have added another $ 300 million for wildlife conservation. â€Å"Hunting contributes over $30 billion to the economy each year, supporting over 1,000,000 jobs† (National Shooting Sports Foundation). Throughout the 50 states hunters and fishermen supply an annual income for the conservation agencies in that state. â€Å"Through license fees and excise taxes on arms and gear, sportsmen contribute $200 million per year for wildlife conservation,† (U. S. Fish Wildlife Service). Through the efforts of hunters and wildlife management the numbers of wildlife has risen, below is a chart that represents the numbers of wildlife species and how game species have recovered in the twentieth century. â€Å" Through legislative programs designed to channel funds back into the conservation process, hunters have restored population of deer, elk, antelope, turkeys and ducks to record numbers† (NRA-ILA, 2004). For years hunters have teamed up with organizations such as: Hunters Sharing the Harvest and Hunters for the Hungry to supply for people in need. One of the oldest hunting organizations, which are the most important to revenue sources named, Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration of 1937 or the Pittman-Robertson Act. This organization is responsible for distributing more than $3. 8 billon to fish and wildlife agencies because it became a law. The members of organizations such as Ducks Unlimited, Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, National Rifle Association, and hunters, are helping to finance a variety of game management programs. By hunters and organizations like the Wildlife Federation and others they have been the leaders in the way of promoting wildlife and land conservation. These organizations are working with communities to build a better understanding of how they can improve their local economy and how to establish a trust fund. â€Å"To establish an annual income the trust will purchase wildlife to be released in the conservancy, and the conservancy will later pay the trust for any increase in population over the original number of animals† (Burnett , 200). Hunting today has become a means of relaxation and experiencing one with nature. However, a survey conducted in 2006 by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service that the numbers of hunters are declining because fewer children and teens are learning how to hunt. Despite the demise of hunters because the era of about 12,000 years ago, hunting still has a great deal of significance in many human cultures. â€Å" In A View To a Death in the Morning (1993), Matt Cartmill traces the symbolism and imagery of the hunt from the hunting-gathering era, through the agrarian era, and into modern, industrial times. Cartmill Page 452 (MacHalek, 2010). In 2001 a group formed named , NWCP goal was to team up with National Wildlife Conservation, the goal of this organization is to set the course in the future of wildlife conservation. In setting the course these organizations works together with the President of the United States and congress to face the issues about wildlife conservation and hunting. â€Å"Thirty five hunting and conservation groups have joined NWCP. NRA is a member of the steering committee† (NRA-ILA, 2004). Hunting will be a subject that will be up for debate for years to come by many organizations. Animal activist believe that there is no place for hunting in the 20th, century. Hunters believe that without hunting wildlife will over populate and destroy valuable crops and have a devastating effect on their ecosystem. Over population will also lead to wildlife moving into urban neighborhoods and there will be more animal related accidents causing injuries and deaths to humans. Hunters are the leaders in wildlife and land conservation. Hunting is a vital tool for the preservation of all wildlife species and land conservation. Therefore â€Å"Knowing the history of hunting in the United States is important for understanding the diverse points of view surrounding this controversial subject† (Laney, 2008) . These views will probably will never see eye to eye,† If humans are, in fact, possessed of an evolved psychology that derives from a hunting-gathering past, it can not been determined if this evolved psychology and the contours of modernity are somehow reconcilable or rather, are fundamentally incommensurable† (MacHalek, 2010). References Burnett, H. S. (2001, November 12). Ideas Changing the World. Retrieved from http://www.ncpa. org/pub/ba377 Laney, D. (2008). Introduction to Hunting: Opposing Viewpoints. Retrieved from http://find. galegroup. com. ezproxy. apollolibrary. com/gps/infomark. do? contentSet=GSRCtype=retrievetabId=T001prodId=IPSdocId=EJ3010504101source=galesrcprod=OVRCuserGroupName=uphoenixversion=1. 0 Miller, D. A. (2009). Sport Hunting Should Be Banned. Retrieved from http://find galegroup. com ezproxy. apollolibrary. com/gps/infomark. do? contentSet=GSRCtype=retrievetabID=T001prodId=IPSdocId=EJ3010062287source=galesrcprod=OVRCuserGroupName=uphoenixversion=1. 0 NRA-ILA. (n. d. ). Hunting Facts. Retrieved from http://www. nraila. org/issues/factsheet/read. aspx? id=124 Reade, C. (2008, October 13). Sport Hunting Should Not Be Banned. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles. com/? Sport- Hunting-Should-Not-Be-Bannedid=1578067 MacHalek, Richard S. Hunting. Macmillan Encyclopedia of Death and Dying. Ed. Robert Kastenbaum. Vol. 1. New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2002. 451-453. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 10 Sept. 2010. Retrieved from http://go. galegroup. com/ps/i. do? id=GALE%7CCX3407200148v=2. 1u=apolloit=rp=GVRLsw=w Gale Document Number: GALE|CX3407200148.

An Ethnographic Study on Children’s Culture :: Sociology, Childhood, Culture

Children spend most of their time in institutions such as schools, learning, in order to provide themselves with the education they need to make their dreams come true. Children view these institutions as a space for sociability where they can form bonds with others, outside their families, as they create and spread their own distinctive culture (McDonnell 26). As a reading buddy at Brooksview Middle School, the knowledge I acquired while there was fascinating as it allowed me to reflect upon my own experiences and relate it to what we were learning in the course. Observing firsthand and note taking allows a researcher to examine the practices of children’s culture more efficiently and this is what I spent most of my Monday afternoon’s doing. Although these institutions are there to help children succeed, they also deny them access to their own culture which may prohibit them from becoming â€Å"fully human† (Friere 28). Viewing childhood as a culture allows one to understand why children view culture so differently from adults (McDonnell 22). At institutions such as Brooksview, children are denied access on a number of things and are assumed to be incapable of making their own rational decisions. Due to the institution’s location, the teachers and principle are extremely strict with the children on how they should act, giving them standards which may deny children from accessing their own culture. This influences these children to act in certain ways, ways in which they believe the society wants them to act. This is shown one day when I attended an assembly regarding the failing rate of the grade sixes. Throughout the assembly, the principle was educating the children on how they should behave in school which led him to his point that the cause of the failing rate (60%) was because of the â€Å"coloured† kids (Appendix, Day 6). This is similar to the experiment that is being tested on Octavian in the novel Octavian Nothing Traitor to the Nation. Due to Brooksview’s location and Octavian’s skin colour, people will presume that black people will fail, especially in practices such as education. â€Å"†¦ African is, by nature, (a) shiftless and (b) rebellious, requiring constant supervision to remain productive†¦ You have done us a wonderful service, through your failure.† (Anderson 337). This possibly will affect a child’s approach within their society as it may alter their perspective on how they should act rather than how they want to act; changing for the sake of others.

The Benefits Of Income Smoothing Accounting Essay

When entities experience exogenic or endogenous dazes they turn to the finance section to decide the issue, due to fiscal instability. It is of import to cognize what income smoothing is and the benefits and costs it can convey to a concern. This essay will critically measure and place the nature and effects of income smoothing. What is income smoothing and what are the nature and effects of it? Income smoothing is defined as, â€Å" the procedure of pull stringsing the clip profile of net incomes to gaining studies to do the reported income less variable, while non increasing reported net incomes over the long-term † Riahi-Belkaoui ( 2007 ) . Income smoothing would be used by houses to take volatility in net incomes by equilibrating the fluctuated extremums over the old ages. Its primary aim is to smooth income variableness, by take downing income during good old ages and as a consequence postpone them for usage during the bad old ages, Beidleman ( 1973 ) . Beidleman suggested two grounds why direction would desire to smooth income. First, a stable earning can back up a higher degree of dividends than a variable net incomes watercourse. Second, the ability to counter the cyclical nature of reported net incomes are likely to cut down the correlativity of a houses expected returns with returns on the market portfolio. This shows that income smoothing will profit houses in the short term as it can assist the house achieve a stable fiscal place. Companies can retain their repute and accomplish company aims, such as short tally net income maximization ( MC=MR ) . This can be achieved by changing some accounting policies and pu ll stringsing accumulations. However, in the long tally houses will be extremely hazardous and may confront settlement jobs. If a house wants to smooth its income, it needs to be consistent? However, one may inquire is this accomplishable? It is non accomplishable because there are other factors, which would necessitate to be considered which could act upon a house ‘s determination. Income smoothing can be traced back to the book of entries, and will be internally done by direction, as this is the initial point of income smoothing. Firms may besides pull strings stock list figures to smooth income. It is of import that the stock lists sums are accurate, and comply with the relevant accounting criterions ( IAS2 ) . â€Å" †¦ the define patterns, to contract the differences and fluctuations in those patterns and to guarantee equal revelation in the histories † Elliot & A ; Elliot ( 2007 ) . The nature of income smoothing can be identified by using the Eckel ‘s ( 1981 ) â€Å" Income variableness method of analysis † . The method makes two differentiations. First differentiation is made between an knowing or designed smoothing and a natural smoothing. The 2nd differentiation is to sort the knowing or designed smoothing with either an unreal smoothing or a existent smoothing, Riahi-Belkaoui ( 2007 ) . Eckel ‘s suggested that income smoothing can happen due to â€Å" window-dressing † figures. This shows that income smoothing will non take into consequence external influences and will non hold any consequence on hard currency, because figures are merely manipulated, which means there is a displacement in costs and/or gross from one period to another. He suggested that income smoothing can be accomplished by â€Å" picks and timing of buying, engaging production investing, gross revenues, capital budgeting, research and development, advertisement and other determinations † Ibid ( 2007 ) . From a house ‘s position, a house may change its income, in order to better their public presentation for future, based on their past public presentations during the fiscal period. Besides, the authorities would desire to cognize how the houses are executing, due to revenue enhancement intents. Firms may desire to minimize net incomes, so they can cut down revenue enhancement liabilities. By pull stringsing informations, the house can be in more danger and they could be in a revenue enhancement fraud. In an article â€Å" Is income smoothing ethical, † Gin Chong has identified three countries where income smoothing can profit houses. First, houses will hold to run into demand, and this can be achieved through prediction. As a consequence, meeting prognosiss will profit the house in short term, as they can do certain that demand is being met. A director ‘s aim may be to gain higher income, by spread outing the concern. However, sometimes directors can non to the full run into these prognosiss and they decide to smooth income. If income smoothing is managed expeditiously in accomplishing the house ‘s aims, so this would let directors to gain higher net incomes and fillips. However, if there is an organizational construction alteration, where direction is rotated, and so direction would alter. Therefore the determinations and direction manners and techniques would alter as directors would hold new aims for how they want the house to be managed. Furthermore, there a re several facets which can forestall directors from income smoothing. This can be like external influences like competitory markets, which would cut down the house ‘s opportunities of income smoothing. Second, houses will necessitate to run into public presentation aims. The importance of public presentation rating is that it can help the house to run into ends of the concern which are required to be to happen alternate methods of accounting for dealing. If directors are seeking to gain higher net incomes, so they can pull strings the figures, so that the statements show that the house is executing good. This would supply directors with a higher income wage, which would be an inducement for them. Therefore, from the director ‘s position, they have the authorization and control to transform the net incomes, so that they can gain a higher fillip. However, this top-down attack can be seen as unjust for others who are at lower degrees. As they could be working difficult to accomplish the houses aims and they would have low inducements and do de-motivation. Finally, houses would necessitate to avoid misdemeanors of debt agreements. The house would hold to take actions in order to avoid debt agreement. If a breach is found, so the other party may increase involvement rate and demand their money back instantly. This would do short-run hard currency flow issues for the house and in the long tally it can do the â€Å" traveling concern construct † for the administration. This can be avoided by smoothing income, by increasing net incomes. This would profit houses as it can assist them last in the short term. Aggressive net incomes direction is a cardinal issue which would necessitate to be considered. Firms may hold commercial force per unit area, which may coerce houses to pull strings informations to do histories look good. For illustration, the importance of run intoing marks to guarantee occupation security for managers, direction and employees would enable the direction to smooth income. However, this job with aggressive net incomes direction could be that the capital markets would be misled into the house ‘s public presentation and profitableness. This is because gross will non be recognised accurately, accumulations will be deceptive and liabilities will be estimated. When economic conditions are unstable, it can be assumed that houses would be more likely to utilize aggressive net incomes direction and income smoothing. Firms would be demoing one-year positive fiscal statements. In UK, harmonizing to the accounting ordinances â€Å" Companies Act 2006 † , when fixing one-year histories, an hearer is responsible for corroborating whether histories comply with the accounting criterion and demo â€Å" a true and just position of the company † . If histories are non following, so houses are transgressing the statute laws. The benefit of holding this ordinance, so that histories comply with regulations and income smoothing can be stopped. Accounting ordinances will hold a immense impact on the house ‘s histories, as some concerns will non follow with the international criterions due to frequent alteration. Accounting organic structures want to accomplish convergence in future, by making one worldwide set of criterions, which will be more compatible. Stakeholders like stockholders would be trusting on this type of information, as they would be interested in puting in the company. The high returns from the company would supply inducements for them to put, as they would be able to have higher dividends. Income smoothing would hold a negative impact for stockholders, as they will acquire a false feeling that the company is executing good. This would non profit them as they would hold taken a bad by puting into a company which manipulated informations. This would intend they would be extremely likely to lose the sum they invested into the company, if the house went into receivership. For that ground, it is critical to keep investor ‘s assurance in published one-year studies, as this will help towards growing of the house. The Auditing Practices Board ( APB ) can step in to take action on aggressive net incomes direction and income smoothing. They can assist to do certain the fiscal statements comply with the Company ‘s Act 2006 and besides, it can help the hearers to be more watchful and understand how they can better scrutinizing for future, by placing and reacting to aggressive net incomes and income smoothing faster. Grant ( 2001 ) Overall, the direction should see all stakeholders ‘ position and any determinations made should profit the house and guarantee the house will go on in being. However, in the existent life, it would be hard to happen whether any income smoothing methods have taken. Besides, to what extent the figures have been manipulated would be difficult to mensurate. Good income smoothing will take topographic point if the direction will be able to make a stable fiscal public presentation by sing all concern aims and taking into stakeholders demands, without transgressing any statute laws.

Introduction to Marketing and Creative Product Promotion

Introduction to Marketing and Creative Product Promotion NME The New Musical Express also known as the NME is a popular music publication in the United Kingdom. NME has published weekly since March 1952. It started as a music newspaper, and gradually moved toward a magazine during the 1980s. Market PenetrationMarket Penetration that NME has done is created a magazine yearly subscription this is market penetration because the product is not being changed its just offering a new way of being able to purchase the product. It still appeals to the same market and people who read and by the magazine. Product DevelopmentOne way that NME has developed its products are to host stages at festivals, with bands that they support. They advertise their products through this stage and at Reading and Leeds festival these having become well known stages. | Market DevelopmentA type of market development that NME has done is creating NME. com, a website which holds the same content as the magazine but appeals to people who use the internet a lot rather than buying a magazine. | Diversification One way that NME has used diversification is by sponsoring a UK tour known as the NME Tour.These tours appeal to different people and it is a completely new product. | Existing Products New Products Survival Strategies NME stays on top of the market by without fail having a weekly edition to the magazine with new and exclusive information in the music scene. It gives updates on top flight bands, as well as looking at new and upcoming music artists which makes it different to many other magazines. The magazine also runs regular competitions to win tickets to music events, which appeals to the customers as it is a music magazine.NME also advertises a large amount and has its own radio station and TV programme, which they use to advertise their main products being the magazines and ticket sales. Relationship Marketing NME uses relationship marketing in a way by creating monthly subscriptions t o avid readers at a cheaper price. The weekly price of the magazine is ? 2. 20 however you can get a monthly subscription of the magazine for just ? 6. 50 a month which annually saves the customer 36%. This is a good saving and customers can be enticed to subscribe by the savings, also the longer you subscribe to the magazine the better savings you gain.Another way NME uses relationship marketing is by offering customers free CD’s and posters with the magazine this makes the customers feel as if they are getting more for their money and keeps them more happy as they are receiving more than they usually pay for when buying the magazine. Branding NME uses brand extension by creating one of magazine specials which cost more and include large amounts specific information these magazines appeal mostly to people how are interested in that certain topic.NME uses brand positioning because it is the only magazine that looks at up and coming bands instead of just well known artists, it is also mainly focused on the alternative genre of music. NME builds their brand by having events such as the NME awards this gains a large amount of publicity and helps NME gain customers and also informs the public about the music that they report on. Wilkinson Wilkinson is a British high street discount chain with over 300 stores, selling primarily home wares and household goods.Founded in 1930 Wilkinson Cash Stores by James Kemsey Wilkinson, the company has remained largely in the hands of the founding family since. Market PenetrationAn example of Wilkinson’s Market penetration is that in the 1950s there was a rise in the use of labour saving devices and DIY. Wilkinson responded by making this type of product the focus of its sales. They did this by ensuring that their products were a lot cheaper than the rest of the market. | Product DevelopmentOne way that Wilkinson has developed its products are In the 1960s customers wanted more convenience shopping.Wilkinson started selling groceries and supermarket goods and created the Wilko brand. In the 1980s Wilkinson extended its range of low-cost products to include quality clothing, toys, toiletries and perfumes. | Market DevelopmentA way that Wilkinson have developed there market is in 1995 it opened a central distribution centre in Worksop, serving stores in the north of England and in 2004, a new distribution centre opened in Wales. This is because they are creating new markets by opening more stores across the UK. | Diversification In 2005 Wilkinson launched its Internet shopping service, offering over 800,000 product lines for sale online.It created new products to sell online which will appeal to a different market. | Existing Products New Products Relationship Marketing Wilkinson wanted to satisfy customers with their needs met by the Wilkinson range of products. A marketing campaign was launched which focused on a range of promotional tactics, designed to appeal to university students. Wilkinso n attended fresher’s fairs and gave out free goody bags with sample products directly to students. Direct mail flyers were sent to homes and student halls prior to students arriving.Advertisements with a fun theme for example, an advert showing frying pans as tennis racquets, offering discounts of 15% with first purchase using the online store. They were given gift vouchers and free wall planners. The challenge was to get students into Wilkinson stores. The opportunity was to capture a new customer group at an early stage and provide essential items all year round. This would lead to a committed customer group and secure business. Survival Strategies Wilkinson attempts to stay on top of its market by always having the cheapest products which maintain a good quality for the cost they are.Their main competitors are places such as Poundland however these shops are 99p stores therefore Wilkinson has the edge over these shops as it is deemed as better quality products because they are more expensive however still cheaper than majority of stores. They also now offer home delivery and online shopping compared to smaller competitors none of them do this, so they are also providing better service than other stores. They regularly hold offers for customers making the shop even more appealing using BOGOF and half price techniques to draw in customers. BrandingWilkinson use their own brands to appeal to customers these are more cheaper products and they create a range of different products such as dinnerware to towels. They call these products Wilkinson Premium Ranges which make them seem like they are a cheap alternative to other places and the name premium makes them seem that they are at a higher quality. Wilkinson stores are of an average quality and serve the purpose in which they need to, products are on display in store for customers to use and the store are set out into sections being food, home ware, health and beauty and children’s toys.

An Explanation of Dependency Theory in Sociology

An Explanation of Dependency Theory in Sociology Dependency theory, sometimes called foreign dependency, is used to explain the failure of non-industrialized countries to develop economically despite investments made into them from industrialized nations. The central argument of this theory is that the world economic system is highly unequal in its distribution of power and resources due to factors like colonialism and neocolonialism. This places many nations in a dependent position. The dependency theory states that its not a given that developing countries will eventually become industrialized if outside forces and natures suppress them, effectively enforcing dependency on them for even the most basic fundamentals of life. Colonialism and Neocolonialism Colonialism describes the ability and power of industrialized and advanced nations to effectively rob their own colonies of valuable resources like labor or natural elements and minerals. Neocolonialism refers to the overall domination of more advanced countries over those that are less developed, including their own colonies, through economic pressure, and through oppressive political regimes. Colonialism effectively ceased to exist after World War II, but this didnt abolish dependency. Rather, neocolonialism took over, suppressing developing nations through capitalism and finance. Many developing nations became so indebted to developed nations they had no reasonable chance of escaping that debt and moving forward. An Exampleof Dependency Theory Africa received many billions of dollars in the form of loans from wealthy nations between the early 1970s and 2002. Those loans compounded interest. Although Africa has effectively paid off the initial investments into its land, it still owes billions of dollars in interest. Africa, therefore, has little or no resources to invest in itself, in its own economy or human development. Its unlikely that Africa will ever prosper unless that interest is forgiven by the more powerful nations that lent the initial money, erasing the debt. The Decline of Dependency Theory The concept of the dependency theory rose in popularity and acceptance in the mid to late 20th century as global marketing surged. Then, despite Africas troubles, other countries thrived despite the influence of foreign dependency. India and Thailand are two examples of nations that should have remained depressed under the concept of the dependency theory, but, in fact, they gained strength. Yet other countries have been depressed for centuries. Many Latin American nations have been dominated by developed nations since the 16th century with no real indication that that is about to change. The Solution A remedy for dependency theory or foreign dependency would likely require global coordination and agreement. Assuming such a prohibition could be achieved, poor, undeveloped nations would have to be banned from engaging in any sort of incoming economic exchanges with more powerful nations. In other words, they could sell their resources to developed nations because this would, in theory, bolster their economies. However, they would not be able to purchase goods from wealthier countries. As the global economy grows, the issue becomes more pressing.

Analysis of the Plan to Permit States to Have Set Their Own Rules on Drinking

Analysis of the Plan to Permit States to Have Set Their Own Rules on Drinking The Drinking Age States’ Rights States should be allowed to make their own drinking laws because the Constitution does not state that this is a right given to the federal government and therefore, it rightfully belongs to the state governments. This does not classify as an inherent power because Congress has no reason to believe that these laws are necessary for the government to function, especially considering that the United States has only instituted a MLDA – minimum legal drinking age – in the last hundred years. In fact, the history of MLDAs demonstrates how states have been deciding their own drinking laws for years, without the federal government ever needing to get involved. When prohibition was repealed on December 5, 1933, each state was allowed to set their own laws for alcohol consumption within their jurisdiction (Hedlund). It is due to this history that it can be logically concluded that this does not function as an implied power of Congress – especially when it is seen how rather than simply legislating the issue, as they would do if they truly believed they had the right, the government has been going through loopholes of crossover sanctions, the Highway Trust Fund, and misreading the twenty-first amendment for their own gain as they try to pass laws on what should be an issue of implied power. They eventually succeeded in the eighties, a decision that has been upheld in the Supreme Court, but this does not disprove the fact that they never should have been given the right to pass this law in the first place. Prior to the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, states had decided the age of alcohol consumption independently for their constituents. With the addition of the new law in 1984, which forced all states to raise their minimum legal drinking age to twenty-one, the federal government instituted a policy of crossover sanctions which â€Å"force the implementation of federal requirements in one area or the states risk losing money in another, similar area† (LaFaive). In this case, any states that refused to raise their drinking age to twenty-one would be punished by a reduction of their highway funds by ten percent. This was vastly different from the system of states control that had operated until this point, when many states were lowering their drinking age to eighteen to reflect the changing climate following the Vietnam War, when young adults could be drafted to fight for their country but were not allowed to drink. In 1970, the twenty-sixth amendment lowered the voting age to eighteen for this reason (â€Å"The 26th Amendment†) and many states decided to lower their drinking age accordingly. The issue with federal legislation about drinking age is that situations like this are less likely to be taken into account, as can be seen by the federal government choosing the age of twenty-one. This age makes sense in a post-prohibition era when young adults couldn’t vote until that age either, but now it shows that the government is unable to keep as up-to-date as more local governments could. This switch to a system of manipulative fiscal federalism was stated by the federal government to have been done to serve the purpose of protecting young lives as fatalities related to alcohol and drunk driving vastly increased in alignment with states in the sixties and seventies lowering their drinking age to eighteen (MADD). This is not the issue, however. The question is not whether or not lives have been saved by the federal law or not – it is that this was never a choice for the federal government to make in the first place. Whether states do a good job of choosing an appropriate minimum legal drinking age is not to be considered, although the United States has the highest drinking age in the world (ProCon.org), but rather that they are being denied their Constitutional right to decide. Likewise, drinking age is never mentioned in the Constitution and the federal government knows it – they knew that they had no right to legislate on this issue and so covered it up by technically making the act option to states, only enforceable through coercive funds that states need to keep their highways intact. States have the right to legislate any issue that is not explicitly given to the federal government as stated in the tenth amendment but Congress has been using crossover sanctions and its role as a regulator of interstate commerce to deny states of funds from the Highway Trust Fund, which is â€Å"a transportation fund in the United States which receives money from a federal fuel tax of 18.4 cents per gallon on gasoline and 24.4 cents per gallon of diesel fuel and related excise taxes† (Highway Trust Fund) (Resnick). This has been considered legal through the supreme court case South Dakota v. Dole, which stated that taking five percent of a state’s h ighway fund for refusal to cooperate with the federally mandated drinking age was not considered unduly coercive through the spending clause of the twenty-first amendment (South Dakota v. Dole). It is important to note that this is a decision based on five percent of their highway fund, and that the actual amount that the federal government takes away nowadays is actually twice this amount. Similarly, this is not fair for the states because the funds come from the tax dollars of their constituents and should not be held hostage. The federal government knows that they are in the wrong and do not have the right to legislate on this issue and yet continue to do so. The states have violated no part of the Constitution by changing the drinking age within their jurisdiction to twenty-one, eighteen, or whatever other age that they choose and should not be punished for following the laws of this nation. The twenty-first amendment, which repealed the eighteenth amendment which legislated prohibition, has said nothing about a minimum legal drinking age and so this falls into the category of an implied power, which means that it should be left to the states to decide. As Judge O’Connor stated in his dissenting opinion in Dole, In the absence of the Twenty-first Amendment, however, there is a strong argument that the Congress might regulate the conditions under which liquor is sold under the commerce power, just as it regulates the sale of many other commodities that are in or affect interstate commerce. The fact that the Twenty-first Amendment is crucial to the States argument does not, therefore, amount to a concession that the condition imposed by  § 158 is reasonably related to highway construction. (South Dakota v. Dole 483 U.S. 203 (1987)) What the judge is arguing is that the commerce clause, which gives Congress the power â€Å"to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes†, is not a factor in the decision of Dole because the case is not centered around whether or not the federal government has the right to control the Highway Trust Fund, as they clearly do, but whether the drinking age is adequately relevant to these funds to justify keeping them from states – and, more importantly, whether the federal government has the right to pursue crossover sanctions for this issue at all. The fact of the matter is that this is an easy realization to come to. The Constitution does not say anything about drinking age and so it is the implied right of the states to legislate on this issue if they choose to. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 is not only unnecessary, it is unconstitutional in the strictest version of the law. Congress knew this when th ey looked for loopholes and the rights of the states must be protected.

Orientation program for new nurse managers Essay

Orientation program for new nurse managers - Essay Example â€Å"A motivated employee is a valuable asset which delivers immense value to the organization† according to http://www.masterstudies.net in their article, Employee Motivating in Private Organization. This is a statement that holds true, especially for our hospital. As you are well aware, the jobs your subordinates will be assigned to are not a walk in the park. These jobs require dedication and motivation. There will be unavoidable situations where in your subordinates are demotivated for some reason, whether it is job-related, co-worker related, or personal. These are that situations that need your input and guidance. Although the source of their demotivation must still be isolated, your immediate motivation is essential in maintaining an effective, hassle-free and conflict-free work zone. You must ensure that you isolate demotivated employees at some point and provide them insight in order to maintain their effectivity and avoid our patients being affected as well. You and your department are essentially a team and their team leader, and as with any team, whether in sports, music bands or otherwise, a good relationship and effective communication between the team and their team leader is important. The relationship between you and your â€Å"team members† will define how your â€Å"team† performs on a daily basis. This means that you as a â€Å"team leader† must promote good work relationships between your subordinates and with yourself. Ways, in order to do this, would include team building activities and team general assemblies.

History of the Internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History of the Internet - Essay Example The first run with the Internet was on October 29, 1969 between computers at Stanford and UCLA, making these computers the first to be connected on the network known as Arpanet. â€Å"The first message sent across the network was supposed to be ‘Login’, but the link between the two colleges crashed on the letter ‘g’ (Ryan, 2010).† Far from being fazed, computer specialists worked on fixing the problem and perfecting their concept of the Internet. By 1970, Harvard, MIT and BBN found themselves connected to one another through their computers; in 1971, email was being introduced, allowing schools and businesses to communicate with each other through computer networking. It was in 1974 that the Internet that we are familiar with now began to really take off. During this year, it was proposed that the various computers on the Arpanet network should be connected to one another. Due to this, it was determined that the network should have a purpose if numero us computers could access it, and thus the bulletin board system was designed, which would allow for messages to be displayed on a page and be accessed by others on the network. This brought to light the concept of being able to share information between separate computers on the same network.

Comparasion & Contract Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Comparasion & Contract - Essay Example Ventura approaches the life changer concept from an eight year old point of view. In this way, he brings out the theme of a life changing aspect from a Childs point of view. This shows a period of heroic struggle which produced political ideals and many historical events that have added essence to literature as an art work. The author opens up a whole new world that awaits discovery, a place where experience and magic is captured in words and expressions. Shape changer is therefore an expression of art in different ways and forms. It is not only a beautiful aspect or prospect of life but also a truth that reflects important qualities in the world. It is important to note the very essence of human beings and races can be reflected in challenges and life’s lessons. This is clearly seen in the quote â€Å"Thank you mama. You taught me how compatible it is to play it safe, but the lesson wasn’t in cruelty of the loss; it was in the dignity of the risk† (Ventura, Part 1.pg.2). This quote clearly shows the lessons and impact of the same that has never lost its essence and beauty. However, the burden of pain and cruelty cannot be ignored. The life the Americans were used to was a life full of storms, struggle, cruelty, risks and a country that was terrorized by or with racism, impunity and hypocrisy. Therefore, Ventura’s shape changing roots or stem is derived from an unstable and cruel aspect that attracted injustice, loss and sadness. However, these events also helped to change the young generation’s character and life’s. This is clearly brought out from the quote â€Å"How many children have sat like I did, with one of their parents taken† (Ventura, Part 1,pg.3) Additionally, the quote â€Å" you share my pride at how hard we are to kill† (Ventura, Part 1, pg3) clearly shows how the experiences have changed their lives. It is important to note that in every high culture literary genre

Crime And Control Models Of Criminal Justice Criminology Essay

Crime And Control Models Of Criminal Justice Criminology Essay Throughout this assignment, it will aim to highlight the similarities and differences between the models of the criminal justice system, especially looking at the due process model and the crime control model. These models consist of challenging crime and allowing the right justice to be issued. Briefly, the due process model was designed to make sure individuals had their rights portrayed and that they had a fair trial to defend themselves in court. In contrast, the crime control model was established to try and ensure that weak criminal cases were dealt with quickly and discarded at the earliest opportunity (Packer, 1968). This meant that larger and more important cases would be dealt with leading to a conviction and punishment as soon as possible. Both models are significant to the criminal justice system and play a major role in identifying crimes and interpreting the criminal justice system. The criminal justice system is a complicated system and is constantly changing due to ne w laws and awareness of crimes. The system varies from country to country with the criminal justice being different and having many contrasts with the law by which each country governs and establishes their authority. In England and Wales, the criminal justice system is made up of several agencies including the police, prisons and probation services. These agencies are governed and funded by the government and have to keep to the rules and regulations which the government issues. As these models are only theories from criminologists, this assignment will look into how they could affect the criminal justice system and what advantages or disadvantages they might cause. The criminal justice system is a system which has been set up in response to crime and is made up of a series of agencies which enforce the laws given by a government. In England and Wales, the criminal justice system involves; agencies who enforce the law; the courts system; the penal system; and the crime prevention scheme (Malcolm, D). These are the mains aspects of the criminal justice system which in general try to safeguard people within society and condemn and punishes those individuals who commit crimes. The criminal justice system has many aims and objectives which try to deliver justice in ways to protect the innocent and punish and convict the guilty. The biggest aim is to try and bring offences to justice and reassure the public they are being protected from criminals. They do this through orders of the court, such as collecting fines, and supervising community and custodial punishment (stated http://www.cjsonline.gov.uk/the_cjs/aims_and_objectives/). Many criminologists would agree that the criminal justice system within England and Wales has been effective towards stopping crime and enhancing punishment to those who committed crime. This can be shown through the increase of confidence which the public have identified by studying data from the National Criminal Justice Board (available at http://lcjb.cjsonline.gov.uk/ncjb/perfStats/confidence_e.html) which shows that there has been a 2% increase from March 2008 to June 2009 in the level of confidence among people in England and Wales. This indicates that the criminal justice system is gaining confidence from the public, however it is still a small proportion of people that have confidence, an estimated 39% in June 2009 (National Criminal Justice Board), had confidence that the criminal justice was effective and reliable. As mentioned above, the due process model is the understanding that a person who has come into contact with one of the criminal agencies cannot have their rights rejected without appropriate legal measures. Therefore any individual who is being or has been charged with a crime, they have several rights in which the criminal agencies have to uphold as the individual is protected under human rights which could be said to co-inside and relate to the due process model. Packer (1968) describes the due process model as having less faith in the criminal agencies, such as the police, and believes that among few criminal cases mistakes can happen and additionally, there is a chance of agencies acting corruptly or dishonestly. For that reason, this is why Packer believes this model is useful as it limits the coercive powers of the criminal agencies and if there is an occurrence of any mistake or corruption, an individual has the right to defend them self. Therefore, the main aim of the due pro cess model is to establish a system that an individual is innocent until proven guilty in court (Packer, 1968). Also mentioned above is the crime control model which is a model that Packer (1968) describes as the part of the criminal justice system which condemns individuals for doing an action which is seen as criminal. Packer describes this model as prioritizing in the convictions of individuals who have committed a criminal act and not waiting for the courts to decide. In his theory, Packer believes that this model is concentrated on the conviction and would risk the conviction of innocent people to achieve its goal. The crime control model can therefore be said to be the scheme set to punish people and make a difference towards society in reducing crime and showing the public that by these arrests and convictions, it may show the criminal justice system being effective and beneficial to society. As a result of these two models, which have been analysed and identified, it is possible to link each model together and highlight the similarities and difference which may be involved with each model. Firstly, a comparison that can be made about these models is that they are both essential in tackling crime and trying to reduce crime. Both models try to tackle crime and punish the people who have committed a deviant act. However, both models do this in different ways and how they approach a person who has committed a criminal act is contrasting. For example, the crime control model would say a person is guilty until proven innocent by the courts, whereas the due process model would say that an individual is innocent until proven guilty. Furthermore, there have been several more differences that have been identified compared to similarities which would suggest each model has taken a different approach in tackling crime. A difference which can be noticed is that the due process model believes that policing is the most effective way to tackle crime and it is essential in maintaining justice amongst society. However the crime control model believes that policing has a negative effect on society and more should be done to convict those who have committed crimes and reduce criminal activity. Throughout this assignment, there have been two models which have been identified and analysed through the theories of Packer (1968). However, there are other theorists, such as Michael King (1981), who have studied the criminal justice system and would argue that there were several more models which could make the criminal justice system effective. King (1981) has analysed the criminal system and has published a theory of six models which correspond to Packers theory but King has elaborated on it and argued that Packers work is too simplistic. Kings six models consist of; due process model; crime control model; medical model; bureaucratic model; status passage model; power model. Even though King agrees with Packer, he argues that these six models are essential to the effectiveness of the criminal justice system. Kings third model, which Packer does not include in his theory, is about rehabilitation which highlights that some criminals need treatment for their actions and need to be evaluated and treated in the correct manner to reduce them from conducting further criminal activities. This model is essential in identifying and reducing crime as it tackles the issues why criminals commit crime and how they should be punished depending on the mental ability. Therefore with this example, it shows that Packers theory may lack depth and could be said to be too bard and narrow minded which could lack creditability if put into place. However, Kings models do create some criticisms as it may cause further pressure on the criminal justice system to implement rules and procedures. Overall Kings extended models have highlighted that there are issues with Packers work and the models for the criminal justice system should be enlarged and taken into greater consideration. However, as these are only models and have not been put into place, it cannot be said to be more effective than Packers theory as neither of them have been placed into action. In conclusion to this assignment, there have been several issues raised with the due process and crime control models and how these models could affect the aims of the criminal justice system. As stated above, the due process could be said to be essential to the criminal justice system as many criminologists, such as Packer (1968) and King (1981), agree with the idea that people should have their rights portrayed and given an equal chance to defend themselves through the courts and justice system.

Breastfeeding vs. Bottle Feeding Essay -- Nutritional Advantages of Br

Nutrition and breastfeeding are subjects that can relate greatly to each other. New mothers are in a need of information regarding breastfeeding. Mothers receive the information and instructions on how to breastfeed at the hospital where they bear their children. That information is essential in the decision making process of whether to breastfeed or not. Still the clear choice for mothers everywhere is breastfeeding for several important life affecting reasons. Breast milk is highly nutritional, protects from various diseases, ideal in growth, promotes bonding, and is beneficial for the mother in a recovery process after labor. People tend to find other ways to feed the new born babies other then breastfeeding. That way is the usage of baby formulas. Sometimes mother tend to use formulas instead of breast milk. Below are some of the reasons why a mother may choose to feed her baby with a formula: The mother or baby has a chronic illness or condition. An example is a mother with Hepatitis B. The mother may use prescription medications or other drugs. These may be passed through the milk and harm the baby. The mother is returning to work and finds breastfeeding too difficult. The mother is uncomfortable with the process. All of these reasons are acceptable, and mothers know the possible consequences of their actions. Breastfeeding usually goes on for within the first twelve months of infant's life; nevertheless, there are some extreme breast feeders that do it for years. Although most mothers try to breastfeed the infants no matter what condition they are in. A vitamin called Colostrums is high in protein, zinc, and other minerals. It contains less fat, carbohydrates, and calories t... ... or woman should get pregnant in order to lose weight. Females should not do that because it is just a scientific fact that affected not all individuals in the same way. Nutrition and breastfeeding are essential parts of the nursing mother. It is essential because without it we would have a world with sick, underdeveloped, malnutritioned, and untrusting individuals. Fortunately breastfeeding gets rid of all these extremities. Feeding from the breast is something that protects not only the mother, but the baby too. There is nothing else in the world like it. Some nutrients in it are only found in a human body. What else could a mother ask for? All the diseases that are easily acquired by a defenseless organism of a baby are now stoppable because of the mother's natural resistant and supplier of necessary material. That resistant and material is breast milk.

Ethical Dilemma On Accepting An Offer

PART A: The CaseJohn is a two year Graduate Engineering Trainee in an Automobile company in India, on a contract binding him to work for 3 more years after the training period. On completion of his training, John gets admission for a PG Program in Management in a reputed Institute. Because of the good impression he had created during training program, the Company grants him special leave with pay for this education. Further CEO personally informs him that his two year education expenses will also be taken by the company. He also expresses his hopes to have him back for a long tenure with the organization.During the last semester of his program, a Multinational Organization in Automobile business offers John a job in their Indian operations, with 6 months intensive job training in Germany. The compensation offered was almost 10 times of what he would be getting in his present employment. . The new organization would also compensate him for whatever he should pay to the present employe r for returning his leave pay, education expenses or liquidated damages as per his original contract. Should John take up the decision of joining the new company?PART B: John should not leave his present company. All employment is a legal bondage, no doubt. But, the relationship of employer employee goes beyond that. The employer places full trust on the employee for a conscientious work performance. ( Heathfield, S. M, 13-04-2009) The employee delivers goods to the best of his abilities. What he is not able to do because of his deficiency in skill, knowledge or even attitude is acceptable, but knowingly withholding performance of a known skill, or causing a deliberate negligence of duty is not pardonable.Legal enforcement always has limitations. Most of the things go by moral bindings in life. Whether it is a family life or work life the element of trust forms the basic ethics of living. John should not let his present employer down. The present employer had gone out of the way to help John in fulfilling his ambition of completing a PG program in Management. In fact, it is this program opportunity had led the way for the new offer from another company. The present employer had not granted him the privileges with a parental attitude.The CEO had specifically called him, offered him the help and expressed his wish that John returns to the company job with added knowledge for a long tenure. John paying back the salaries he had earned during the special leave period or giving back the expenses which the organization had taken for his education, or for that matter sincerely remitting the liquidated damages as per earlier contract, will all belittle the basic value of human gratitude and acknowledgement. (Hunsinger, D. v. D. , 1995, p. 65) The present employer may not be able to sue him for more than what they had expended on John.Their feeling of hurt with this incident, and based on that, their attitude towards employee motivation programs will all shrink, affecti ng the future incumbents to the organization. So, John should not leave the employment and reject the Offer given to him by the multinational company, with ten fold compensation figures. PART C: John should take up the new offer All employment is a legal arrangement. The employer selects the right candidate, pays him a fair compensation and the employee discharges his performance with his utmost faith on his ability.The employee shall not cheat the employer in any of his work related activities. He should be faithful to his employer and work for him with total commitment. He should trust his employer and feel at liberty to ask him to give whatever he thinks right on his part to ask. He should never hesitate to remind him of a privilege or condition that the employer forgets to extend. Likewise, he shall not demand for something which is not due to him. He can always get things clarified wherever he has doubts about his rights. (Assertive Communication, 13-04-2009)Beyond this relatio nship, no employer has right to expect an employee to continue in employment for ever. Mostly conflict of interest arises only when one accepts another employment while at working with one organization disturbing his independence in working with the original organization. (Faculty Guide, 13-04-2009) John’s opportunity is a very rare occurrence. He can not dream of such an offer in the future. He should take it up. Giving up an opportunity, which will benefit him and his family’s prosperity because of increased income will be wrong.,For that matter he might be depriving the benefits to society by not contributing his competence in a wider area of work. Sometimes we confuse morals with ethics. Morals are stated to be selfish too, elsewhere (BrainMeta. Com, 13-042009) All John is expected to do is to go back to his present employer, explain the CEO the situation and his wish to go for the more prosperous job. He should be transparent enough to express his predicament. His taking up the new job is by all means for a large packet of compensation.It also gives him the opportunity in another country with more scope to improve his competence. From what has been his case all along, he is a person thriving for knowledge and this offer carries with it a good training program. He can always be grateful to his present employer on many future occasions, without damage to any of his personal or social values. For instance, there may be scope for him to be a contact to the new employer for the present employer to enter into collaboration arrangements or business arrangements.